There Antony had left a letter for her, instructing her to go no further. 7. Image from Aeneid Book 1, translated by John Henderson (1886). Menhit(Egyptian) - Considered by many historians to be an aspect of Sekhmet. [12] She was hailed as a "marvel of womankind. The bribe is in the form of Helen of Sparta, the most beautiful woman in the world. In 36 Octavians general Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa defeated Sextus Pompeius. who returned to Cleopatra in Alexandria. Octavia was born around 66 BC. The hatred and vindictiveness shown by Juno to the Trojans anchors the whole Aeneid, and it only comes to an end in the final book. remarried. Suetonius, "The Life of Augustus," 1 (J. C. Rolfe, Translator). They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Guide to the classics: Homer's Iliad. Library Association Selected Religion Website [citation needed] Some[who?] Many high school, college and professional sports teams (Titans, Spartans and Trojans, for instance) also get their names from mythological sources. They were later divorced (in 32 BC). The surname, which means "red," may have been obtained by one of the Octavii because he had red hair. ), issue unknown, Tiberius Claudius Caesar Germanicus II Gemellus (19 AD 23 AD), died young, Cluett, Ronald. During the Republic, none of the Octavii of this stirps bore any cognomen other than Rufus, and even this is rarely mentioned. Asteria - Goddess of the stars and the last immortal to live with man Atalanta - A competitive warrior and runner she was a famous mortal in Greek mythology and not a Goddess who was turned into a lion by Aphrodite. . She was also the great-grandmother of the Emperor Caligula and Empress Agrippina the Younger, maternal grandmother of the Emperor Claudius, and paternal great-grandmother and maternal great-great-grandmother of the Emperor Nero. Paris prefers this bribe to the bribes of the other two contestants - Juno and Minerva. Other resources on A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. Her name translates as she who slaughter. Also known as Menchit. After Antony's suicide in 30 BC, her brother executed Antyllus but allowed Octavia to raise Antony's younger son Iullus by Fulvia as well as his children by Cleopatra (the two sons Alexander Helios and Ptolemy Philadelphus, and one daughter, Cleopatra Selene II). That was the last time she saw her husband, After this Caesar left him in charge of Italy during the Spanish campaign. In 35 BC, Augustus accorded a number of honours and privileges to Octavia, and Augustus' wife Livia, previously unheard of for women in Rome. Virgil Reading the Aeneid, circa 1790-93. options are on the right side and top of the page. William Smith. The great-grandfather of Augustus served as a military tribune during the Second Punic War, and survived the Battle of Cannae; however, when Marcus Antonius wished to throw contempt upon Augustus, he called this Gaius Octavius a freedman and a restio, or rope-maker. Even after Antony divorced her (32 BCE), she never Octavia the Younger (Latin: Octavia Minor; c. 66 BC 11 BC) was the elder sister of the first Roman Emperor, Augustus (known also as Octavian), the half-sister of Octavia the Elder, and the fourth wife of Mark Antony. phoenix, in ancient Egypt and in Classical antiquity, a fabulous bird associated with the worship of the sun. When Dante first sees the shade of Virgil he greets him in a way that could hardly be more fulsome: Are you then that Virgil, and that fountain, that pours out so great a river of speech? la la Major va nixer a Roma l'any 43 aC. She wears jewellery made from skulls and blood adorns her breasts. [1] Full sister to Augustus, Octavia was the only daughter born of Gaius Octavius ' second marriage to Atia, niece of Julius Caesar. There was also a legend that he had left instructions for his assistants to burn the manuscript of the Aeneid, should he die before its completion. Discover the names of the star Goddesses and the regions that they came from. It describes in detail the beginnings of the cosmos, the origins and genealogies of the gods, and the events leading up to the rise of Zeus and the Olympians. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. They afterwards passed over to the plebeians, until the patrician rank was again conferred upon them by Caesar. He fled from Rome to Caesars headquarters after receiving threats of violence. His father was called Creticus because of his military operations in Crete; his grandfather, one of the leading orators of his day, was a consul and censor who was vividly portrayed as a speaker in Ciceros De oratore (55). - OCLC catalog no. Octavia, having been in Rome since 37, was sent to Antony by Octavian in 35. A mother and a wise woman all at once, she is blessed by the gift of poetic wisdom, inspiration, and prophecy, called collectively Awen in Welsh lore. Many of these creatures have become almost as well known as the gods, goddesses and heroes who share their stories.. Octavia dutifully accompanied him to his mansion in Greece but fell ill & [3][4][5], This story is not improbable in itself, but since neither Livy nor Dionysius mention the Octavii when they speak of Velitrae, and the Octavii do not appear in history till the latter half of the third century BC, the tradition connecting them with the Roman kings may be safely rejected. (Roman) - She was the personification of peace in Roman mythology. They bore cognomina such as Balbus, Ligur, Marsus, and Naso. Bast(Egyptian) - The war goddess of the Lower Niles, she protected the Pharaoh and his warriors during battle. The figure of the deserted heroine was a favourite theme in Greek myth and literature, and Virgil duly draws on it for his depiction of Dido. In 39 Antony and Octavian concluded a treaty with Sextus Pompeius (see Pompeius Magnus Pius, Sextus), who controlled the seas and had been blockading Italy. [2] Octavia was born in Nola, present-day Italy; her father, a Roman governor and senator, died in 59 BC from natural causes. Presumably, Octavia continued to live with her husband from the time of their marriage (she would have been between 12 and 15 when they married)[5] to her husband's death. They do not, however, bother to introduce the gods and goddesses who are their main characters, since readers and listeners would already have been familiar with them. Her mother later remarried, to the consul Lucius Marcius Philippus. Origin: Roman, Latin Meaning: Named after the Roman Goddess Ceres Pronunciation: KEH-res, seer-eez Mythological, Earthy, Unique Clara line to jump to another position: Oarses [9] Between 40 and 36 BC, she travelled with Antony to various provinces and lived with him in his Athenian mansion. Of the three, only Medusa is said to be mortal. On the death of Marcellus in 40 she was married to Mark Antony, who at the time was ruling the Roman state with Octavian and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus. This is one of the earliest Roman myths. , Cloelia. Whilst many of these deities are goddesses of war and revenge, it is also possible to be a peaceful warrior, leading by example and using intellect to slay prejudice and outdated ideas. By a Senatorial decree, Octavia married Mark Antony in October 40 BC, as his fourth wife (his third wife Fulvia having died shortly before). Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. by Mark Antony was at war with Octavian for control of the Roman world, which he lost at the Battle of Actium (September 2, 31BC). 2023 SheMedia, LLC. The poem is named after the Trojan hero Aeneas, the son of Venus (Aphrodite in Greek mythology) and Anchises, a Trojan aristocrat. While many of these myths are fanciful tales, such as the legends of greedy King Midas or heroic Hercules, other stories like the Trojan War epic have a basis in historical fact. When a person died, the soul would be sent to Hades, a more formal name for the underworld. Read more: Artemis (Greek) - This virgin goddess stood up for her rights to chastity and to live according to her own values. The characters, stories, themes and lessons of Greek mythology have shaped art and literature for thousands of years. Aeneas is a very different kind of epic hero from Achilles in the Iliad and Odysseus in the Odyssey, not the least because he is imbued with a whole series of distinctly Roman values. [7][8], A few other persons named Octavius were not descended from Gnaeus Octavius Rufus, or whose descent cannot be traced. She successfully exonerated herself, and Antony spent the winter of 4140 as her lover at Alexandria, Egypt. , Orpheus and Eurydice. Early in 40 Antonys brother, the consul Lucius Antonius, supported by Antonys wife, Fulvia, rebelled against Octavian in Italy. But although we find so marked differences in the use of the numerals as names, it is impossible to believe that this use did not arise in the same way for all; that is, that they were at first used to distinguish children by the order of birth. Victoria(Egyptian) She is the Egyptian version of the Greek goddess of Victory. Li'via, O'crea Through the marriage of Ptolemy V Epiphanes and Cleopatra I Syra . On the death of Marcellus in 40 she was married to Mark Antony, who at the time was ruling the Roman state with Octavian and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus. You are my master, and my author: you alone are the one from whom I learnt the high style that has brought me honour. In the article on Soranus, we find: "at this present time (1848)" and this date seems to reflect the dates of works cited. In the 1963 film Cleopatra, she is played by Jean Marsh in an uncredited role.[28]. Octavian, Antony, and Marcus Lepidus were were part of a triumvirate that ruled Rome after Caesar's death, but Antony and Octavian each wanted complete control over Rome. Articles with the HISTORY.com Editors byline have been written or edited by the HISTORY.com editors, including Amanda Onion, Missy Sullivan and Matt Mullen. Chris Mackie does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment. Their names are unknown, but it is known that all of them were killed by Nero, thus descent from this line is extinct. After Caesars assassination, he became a triumvir and gained control of Romes eastern provinces. Antony joined her there. She is the daughter of Hecate, the goddess of Maigc and Witchcraft from Greek Mythology and legacy of Isis goddess of medicine, from Egyptian Mythology, and currently attends Ever After High through the Mythology Program. (Greek) - This virgin goddess stood up for her rights to chastity and to live according to her own values. Li'vius, Ocella Troy was founded by Dardanus, an obscure mythological hero, and, in Virgils poem, he did so having left from a place called Corythus (perhaps modern Cortona in Tuscany). The Aeneid by the Roman poet Virgil is an epic poem in 12 books that tells the story of the foundation of Rome from the ashes of Troy. "[13] In 35 BC, after Antony suffered a disastrous campaign in Parthia, she brought fresh troops, provisions, and funds to Athens. Cloelia managed to flee the hostage camp, leading a group of other Roman virgins across the River Tiber. 30-35, 53-54, 57, 87. [15] In 33, Antony sent men to eject her from his house in Rome. Antony & Mahlon H. Smith Lucius Octavius L. f. Rufus, a contemporary of Augustus, was, Gaius Octavius Lampadio, a grammarian, who divided the poem of. SheKnows is a part of Penske Media Corporation. Writers such as the 2nd-century BC Greek mythographer Apollodorus of Athens and the 1st-century BC Roman historian Gaius Julius Hyginus compiled the ancient myths and legends for contemporary audiences. Mark Antony served with distinction as a cavalry commander inJudaeaandEgypt. Ventidius, meanwhile, pushed the Parthians out of Asia Minor in 40 and drove them back beyond the Euphrates River (3938). dispute Seneca's version, as Octavia publicly opened the Library of Marcellus, dedicated in his memory, while her brother completed the Marcellus's theatre in his honor. [21] She was one of the first Roman women to have coins minted bearing her image; only Antony's previous wife Fulvia pre-empted her. There is every reason to think that Virgils Aeneid became a classic as soon as it was written and published. After the death of her son Marcellus in 23, she withdrew from public life. In 54 BC, Octavia's great-uncle Julius Caesar is said to have been anxious for her to divorce her husband so that she could marry Pompey, who had just lost his wife Julia (Caesar's daughter, and thus Octavia's cousin once removed). When Octavia returned to Rome Octavian portrayed his sister as a victim wronged by Antony, although she refused to leave Antony's household. Greek myths explained everything from religious rituals to the weather, and gave meaning to the world that people saw around them. Copyright 2007-2023 www.Goddess-Guide.com. [1][6], The chief praenomina used by the Octavii were Gnaeus, Gaius, Marcus, and Lucius. Marcus Octavius Laenas Curtianus, one of the distinguished men who supplicated the judges on behalf of, Octavia C. f. Sergia Plautilla, daughter of Gaius Octavius Laenas, the curator of the aqueducts, was the mother of the emperor. Revealing the history behind mythologies. Nike sneakers are the namesake of the goddess of victory, for example, and the website Amazon.com is named after the race of mythical female warriors. Suetonius, Life Finally, they were the first women in Rome to have statues and portraits displayed en masse in public places. God of War. The last of these, Aeneass journey into the Underworld in Aeneid 6, fundamentally influenced the poet Dantes (1265-1321) own narrative of life after death. After 36 BC, Octavia returned to Rome with the daughters of her second marriage. The two men divided the empire between them, Octavian taking everything west of Scodra (present-day Shkodr, Alb.) - Oppia'nicus, Oppia'nicus In 50 he was elected to the politically influential priesthood of the augurs, defeating Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus. References: They reflect the many different faces of war from the pointless death and destruction of war to the glories of victory. Athena - Goddess of war, wisdom and domestic crafts. Previously, only one woman, Cornelia, mother of the Gracchi, had been part of the public statues displayed in Rome. Octavia, having been in Rome since 37, was sent to Antony by Octavian in 35. Octavia (ktv). In all her representations she wore the "nodus" hairstyle, which at the time was considered conservative and dignified, and worn by women from many classes.[17]. Antony and Octavia went to Athens, where they were deified; Antony was declared the New Dionysus, mystic god of wine, happiness, and immortality. They appear in Renaissance paintings such as Botticellis Birth of Venus and Raphaels Triumph of Galatea and writings like Dantes Inferno; Romantic poetry and libretti; and scores of more recent novels, plays and movies.. HISTORY.com works with a wide range of writers and editors to create accurate and informative content. The presence of sequels like this indicates just how confronting and original the Aeneid is so much that later poets needed to normalise it. Updated: July 21, 2022 | Original: December 2, 2009. 389, Virgil reading The Aeneid before Augustus, Livia and Octavia, "St. Melania (the Younger)." Antony managed to withdraw into southern Gaul. [1][3] It is quite uncertain whether the ancestors of Augustus had anything to do with rope-making. She is depicted with four arms, in one she carries a sword and another the head of a demon. The descendants of the younger Gnaeus held many of the higher magistracies, but the descendants of Gaius remained simple equites, who did not rise to any importance. Octavia was the daughter of Gaius Octavius and his second wife, Atia. For instance, he deserts Dido (in Book 4) because Jupiter reminds him through the god Mercury that Italy is meant to be his fated home, not Carthage in North Africa. Suetonius, "The Life of Augustus," 2, 4, 6. [6] All three were born in Italy. The Book of Martha by Octavia Butler portrays a black woman . masc. Durga(Hindu) Fierce, demon fighting goddess and protector. VIDEO", "Octavia Minor and the Transition from Republic to Empire", Octavia's birth and life discussed briefly, Marcellus, Octavia's only son who died aged 20, Julia, Octavia's daughter-in-law and niece, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Octavia_the_Younger&oldid=1146568459, Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus (same man as, Tiberius Julius Caesar Germanicus (born between 7 and 12 AD), died as an infant, Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus Major (born between 7 and 12 AD), died in childhood, Gaius Rubellius Blandus (? She was worshipped by the Iceni tribe. His father was called Creticus because of his military operations in Crete. Octavia was the daughter of Gaius Octavius and his second wife, Atia. Virgil reads the Aeneid to Octavia and Augustus. In American Baby Names the meaning of the name Octavia is: Born eighth. The Aeneid is certainly not the easiest read from the corpus of ancient literature. [1] Full sister to Augustus, Octavia was the only daughter born of Gaius Octavius' second marriage to Atia, niece of Julius Caesar. Anut (Egyptian) - A warrior goddess, defender of the Sun God and protector or the Pharoah in battle. "The dead would go to Hades because there was no annihilation in the Greek mythology. Virgil is his guide through Inferno and Purgatorio, which says something about the high regard of poet for poet - bearing in mind, of course, that Virgil was a pagan. In early November, Octavianat this point leading the consular armiesmet Antony and Lepidus in Bononia (present-day Bologna). Drusus delivered one funeral oration from the rostra and Augustus gave her the highest posthumous honors (building the Gate of Octavia and Porticus Octaviae in her memory). Write an article and join a growing community of more than 162,800 academics and researchers from 4,598 institutions. Priam then sent Paris and Aeneas to retrieve her, but Paris got sidetracked and instead brought back Helen, queen of Sparta and wife of Menelaus. The time-traveling young heroine, Octavia, jumping from present day Greece to ancient Greece added another fascinating facet to the adventure. So the general point here is that the reader of the Dido books is invited to engage with many different mythical and historical narratives. Some of the best books related to Greek mythology include "The Song of Achilles," "Lore," and "Circe." Amazon; Bookshop; Alyssa Powell/Insider. Despite the fact that in the majority of ancient cultures around the world, woman did not play an active role on the battlefield, there are numerous warrior goddesses. *NB Virgils name is also sometimes spelt Vergil.. Antony then organized the East. The triumvirs had agreed to divide the empire, so Antony proceeded to take up the administration of the eastern provinces. From their lofty perch, they ruled every aspect of human life. Pele(Hawiian) Jealous, volcano goddess of destruction and violence. Thus it would be a mistake to reduce Virgils Dido to some kind of re-creation of Homers Calypso, or Circe, or Nausicaa (all from the Odyssey). Cleopatra needed Antony to revive the old boundaries of her kingdom, and Antony neededEgyptas a source of supplies and funds. 1406-58). Auden was rather unsympathetic to Virgil in his poem Secondary Epic (1959): Not even the first of the Romans can learn. What was Mark Antonys relationship to Cleopatra? The past and the future often seem entangled in all kinds of ways, and then there is the question of Virgils own political outlook. [2], Towards the end of the Republic, it became fashionable for noble families to trace their origin to the gods and heroes of olden time, and accordingly in Suetonius we also read that the Octavii received the franchise from Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, the fifth King of Rome, and were enrolled among the patricians by his successor, Servius Tullius. More than 200 men were proscribed and (when captured) killed (Cicero was one of them), either because they were enemies of the triumvirs or in order to confiscate their wealth. In June 44 the Senate granted him north and central Gaul and northern Italy as his province for five years. n., tribune of the plebs in an uncertain year, brought forward a law raising the price at which corn was sold to the people. And it has remained so until this day. Andraste(British) Goddess of victory in battle and ravens. [2] Octavia was born in Nola, present-day Italy; her father, a Roman governor and senator, died in 59 BC from natural causes. proper name, from Latin, from Octavius, from octavus "eighth," from octo (see eight ). Octavius Sagitta, tribune of the plebs in AD 58, he murdered his mistress, Pontia Postumia, because she refused to marry him after promising to do so. In Augustus' rebuilding of Rome as a city of marble, Octavia was featured. He then joined the staff of Julius Caesar, to whom he was related on his mothers side, and served with him for much of the concluding phase of Caesars conquest of central and northern Gaul and its aftermath (5453 and 5250). According to the Roman historian Dio Cassius, Boudicca made offerings to the goddess Andraste before going into battle. Mark Antonywas the son and grandson of men of the same name. Cicero, however, fiercely attacked him in the Philippic orations between September 44 and April 43, and Octavian joined forces with the consuls in 43. The Aeneid, therefore, is focused on the grand scale on the city of Rome and its empire, its formation, and its destiny within the order of the Olympian gods. . [7][8] Her husband Marcellus died in May 40 BC. As news reached Rome of Antony's public liaison, Octavia remained a loyal wife & mother. Octavia C. f., daughter of Gaius Octavius Laenas, curator of the aqueducts, was the wife of Quintus Veranius, consul in AD 49. Octavia was born around 66 BC. Octavia, byname Octavia Minor, (born c. 69 bcdied 11 bc), full sister of Octavian (later the emperor Augustus) and wife of Mark Antony. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! A famous anecdote, recorded in the late fourth-century vita of Virgil by Aelius Donatus, in which the poet read the passage in Book VI in praise of Octavia's late son Marcellus and Octavia fainted with grief, has inspired several works of art. Agasaya (Semetic) - An early Middle Eastern Goddess, whose role was later usurped by Ishtar. Aeneas seems to mull over an act of clemency, but in a sudden fit of rage he kills Turnus on the spot. Professor of Classics, La Trobe University. The sudden and brutal end of the poem precipitated various sequels, most famously a Supplement to Aeneid Book 12 by the humanist cleric Maffeo Vegio (ca. - Whereas the Homeric poems end in an atmosphere of peace and tranquillity, Virgils Aeneid ends with unremitting violence. The first member of the gens to achieve prominence was Gnaeus Octavius Rufus, quaestor circa 230 BC. The English poet W.H. Baby Names of Generation Alpha, Outstanding & Original Baby Names Beginning With O, Expectant Parents, Take Note: These Are the Baby-Naming Trends of 2010-2020. Octavia was a faithful wife and mother who raised Antonys children by Cleopatra along with her own children. - The poem ends with a description of Turnuss limbs going slack and his life going resentfully to the shades below. Valerius does not give sufficient information to identify either man. Indeed his whole quest is really to unravel the mysteries of fate, and then duly to act upon them. Her battle cry alone had the power to kill. but Seneca may wish to show off his rhetorical skill with hyperbole, rather than adhere to fact. Octa'via Octa'via Gens Octavia'nus Octavius Octavius Octavius Octavius Octavius Octavius Octavius . They were granted sacrosanctitas, meaning it was illegal to verbally insult them. Octavius, Octavius Is the poem designed to justify and support Romes imperialist agenda? Your current position in the text is marked in blue. The Theogony, composed by Hesiod around 700 BCE, is an early Greek epic. She had won over her brother's advisers Agrippa and Maecenas and convinced him to renew their aliance. Greek Mythology refers to stories about the gods, heroes, and rituals of Ancient Greeks. [21] Augustus also had the Roman senate declare his sister to be a goddess. In 42 Gaius Cassius and Marcus Brutus, defeated in two battles at Philippi (Macedonia) in which Antony distinguished himself as commander, killed themselves and, with these acts, the republican cause. He then joined the staff ofJulius Caesar. After Caesars murder, Antony gained possession of the treasury and of Caesars papers, which he used (and perhaps supplemented) to his own advantage. [14] Mark Antony divorced Octavia in late 33 BC. Author of, President and Vice-Chancellor, Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland, 195966. Juno, queen of heaven and goddess of marriage, despises the Trojans because she lost a divine beauty contest known as the Judgement of Paris. He probably augmented his income by money-lending, for both. sister, who over the next four years bore him two daughters Antony sent her back because she arrived with almost none of the troops Antony had lent Octavian. After initial skirmishes, Antony and Octavian were reconciled at Brundisium (present-day Brindisi) and, since Fulvia had died in the meantime, Antony married Octavians sister, Octavia. The gens Octavia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome, which was raised to patrician status by Caesar during the first century BC. alliance with Octavian by marrying the latter's recently widowed You may also choose to call upon the Warrior to champion the cause of others. The Catholic Encyclopedia. Lepidus was perhaps not included. Many other gentes obtained their nomina in this manner, including the Quinctii from Quintus, the Sextii from Sextus, and the Septimii from Septimus. second wife of Marc At the center of Greek mythology is the pantheon of gods and goddesses who were said to live on Mount Olympus, the highest mountain in Greece. Dido is the great tragic figure in the first half of the poem (notably in Books 1, 4, and 6) after a romance and sexual liaison with Aeneas. Discover the meaning of the goddess names and archetypes by exploring their myths and symbolism. line: Copyright 1999-2023 - f. Cn. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. , & Ptolemy. He first summoned Cleopatra, the queen of Egypt, to Tarsus (southeastern Asia Minor) to answer reports that she had assisted their enemies. Minerva(Roman) Roman equivalent of the goddess Athena. On several occasions she acted as a political advisor and negotiator between her husband and brother. mother. The pace of poetic creativity could be very slow. Cleopatra, (Greek: "Famous in Her Father") in full Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator ("Cleopatra the Father-Loving Goddess"), (born 70/69 bcedied August 30 bce, Alexandria), Egyptian queen, famous in history and drama as the lover of Julius Caesar and later as the wife of Mark Antony. Click anywhere in the See more. Three Roman emperors, Caligula, Claudius and Nero, were amongst the most famous of her descendants. For a time he pursued a moderate policy, but when challenged by the 19-year-old Octavian (later the emperor Augustus), Caesars adopted son and heir, he turned against Caesars assassins. Macha(Irish) The wild goddess who battles against injustice to woman and children. 1873 - probably the printing date. They spent the afterlife with her in the land of Folkvangr. Gaius Octavius Balbus, was proscribed by the triumvirs in 42 BC. Octavia Baker is a 2022-introduced and all-around character. f., the younger son of Gnaeus Octavius Rufus, he was a simple eques, who never attempted to rise any higher in the state. Gnaeus Octavius Ruso, quaestor in 105 BC under Marius, and praetor in an uncertain year prior to 91. The three entered into a five-year pact, soon ratified by a law, conferring on them a joint autocracy, the triumvirate. The gens Octavia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome, which was raised to patrician status by Caesar during the first century BC. , heroes, and praetor in an uncertain year prior to 91 for five years American Baby names meaning., so Antony proceeded to take up the administration of the other two contestants Juno. Write an article and join a growing community of more than 162,800 academics and researchers from institutions! ( J. C. Rolfe, Translator ). and children stories about gods... 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