. The original passenger list for the journey of the MV Empire Windrush from the Caribbean to Tilbury in May/June 1948 is held at the National Archives at Kew in south west London. [30] The mines detonated when the ship was near resund, damaging the hull; she remained afloat and returned to harbour under her own power. The ship also carried two Scotch marine boilers to produce high-pressure steam for some auxiliary machinery. The majority were men, though there were also sizeable numbers of women and children. The second engineer was able to enter the engine room by wearing a smoke hood, but was unable to close a watertight door that might have contained the fire. Write a list of the kind of jobs you think people coming to the UK would do. The arrival of the Empire Windrush nearly 73. Search and download certificates of alien arrivals (HO 2) and returns and papers (HO 3) on ancestry.co.uk (). This iteration of the exhibition coincided with Black History Month and transformed an otherwise empty retail unit in Lewisham Shopping Centre. At about midday, Saintes began to tow the ship to Gibraltar, at a speed of around 3.5 knots (6.5km/h), but Empire Windrush sank in the early hours of the following morning, Tuesday, 30 March 1954,[7] after having been towed a distance of only around 16 kilometres (8.6nmi). [65] Holchu was carrying a cargo of rice and was in good condition aside from a broken mast. Those who had not already arranged accommodation were temporarily housed in the Clapham South deep shelter in south-west London, less than a mile away from the Coldharbour Lane Employment Exchange in Brixton, where some of the arrivals sought work. List or Manifest of Alien Passengers for the United States Immigration Officer at Port of Arrival, R.M.S. [3], In May 1949, Empire Windrush was on a voyage from Gibraltar to Port Said when a fire broke out on board. He disembarked in front of an enthusiastic crowd wearing an SS uniform; he would spend his time in office actively proselytising Nazi ideology. 2023 BBC. There were also people from Mexico, Scotland, Gibraltar, Burma and Wales. The 802 Caribbean citizens onboard were the first of 500,000 Commonwealth citizens who settled in Britain between 1948 and 1971. On arrival a local steel pan band will welcome passengers as they step ashore, with Windrush inspired poetry readings, displays . Margaret was thrilled when she found her fathers card. The court sentenced them to one day in prison, which effectively meant their immediate release. Windrush passenger landing cards have been reimagined and recreated to represent those destroyed by the Home Office in 2010. With up to fifty thousand shoppers passing through per day, the exhibition reached a huge local audience for whom it was especially resonant. The Story of Windrush More Pages. [6] The use of diesel engines reflected the experience Blohm & Voss had gained by building diesel-powered U-boats during World War I. The ship, originally known as MV Monte Rosa, was a German cruise ship that had been used as a troop transporter during the Second World War. [77], In 1954, several of the military personnel on board Empire Windrush during her final voyage received decorations for their role in the evacuation of the burning ship. Page from the Empire Windrush passenger lists 1948 (BT 26/237), Transcript of the Empire Windrush passenger list (BT 26/1237) (Excel file, 27.50 Kb), Transcript of the Empire Windrush passenger list (BT 26/1237) (PDF, 47 Kb), Subscribe now for regular news, updates and priority booking for events.Sign up, All content is available under the Open Government Licence A plinth with a tray of 1027 blank landing cards, each representing a passenger who arrived on the MV Empire Windrush in June 1948, greeted visitors as they entered the space set up to echo passport control, complete with border officers and an airport soundscape. Reality Check: Could you prove you've been living in the UK? Monte Cervantes sank near Tierra del Fuego in 1930. 8,530 long tons deadweight (DWT)Length: 500 ft 3 in (152.48 m)Beam: 65 ft 7 in (19.99 m)Propulsion: 4 SCSA diesel engines (Blohm & Voss, Hamburg), double reduction geared driving two propellers.Speed: 14.5 knots (26.9 km/h) |} The Empire Windrush arrived at Tilbury on 22 June 1948, carrying 493 passengers from Jamaica wishing . [Note 1] Empire Windrush's namesake, the River Windrush is a small tributary of the Thames, that flows through the Cotswolds towards Oxford. Search Discovery, our catalogue, in DO 131 by name for case histories of all the CORB children evacuated overseas during the Second World War. [66] The fate of Holchu's crew remains unknown and the incident is cited in several works on Ufology and the Bermuda Triangle. [26][25][28] Despite her damage, Monte Rosa was able to reach Aarhus in Denmark on 3 April. XXIII from Midsummer Derek Walcott SE pp 212-213 SELECTION On Seeing England for the First Time Jamaica Kincaid XXIII from Midsummer Derek Walcott SE pp 214-215 SELECTION Passenger Manifest for the MV Empire Windrush SE pp 216-223 MAKING MEANING Concept Vocabulary gifted; taste; fancy First Read Students Notice, Annotate, Connect, Respond as they read the selection the first time. [50][Note 3]. (HINT : H.D. The transcription work took us three months but we have been able to use the database to check at the touch of a button whether someone was on board. Based on a new transcription of the Windrush passenger list held at The National Archives, the landing cards reflect a single pivotal moment in the life of each passenger; a snapshot of hope, opportunity . Margaret was puzzled by this as she had never known her uncle by either of those names. The ship - which dropped anchor on 21 June and released its travellers a day later - was carrying 1,027 passengers, including two stowaways, according to BBC analysis of the ship's records kept by the National Archives. The project started as an exhibition at Goldsmiths. We'd like to use additional cookies to remember your settings and understand how you use our services. Among those arriving from the Caribbean were mechanics, carpenters, tailors, engineers, welders and musicians. [47] There were also the calypso musicians Lord Kitchener, Lord Beginner, Lord Woodbine and Mona Baptiste. [7], The ship did not have a sprinkler system. Published 9 February 2022 Applies to England Contents 1. The ship was then towed to Copenhagen, carrying 5,000 German refugees who were fleeing from the advancing Red Army. Mr Richards, interviewed by the BBC in 1998, was, like many others, shocked to discover the difference between the "mother country" he had seen in books and the reality he was confronted with. [7], By this time, she was the only survivor of the five Monte-class ships. HMT Empire Windrush is best remembered today for bringing one of the first large groups of post-war West Indian immigrants to the United Kingdom. Landing Cards. [33], In 1947, Monte Rosa was assigned to the British Ministry of Transport and registered as a British vessel. The ship was assessed at 13,882GRT, 7,788NRT. or a port of another insular possession, in whatsoever class they travel, MUST be fully listed and the master or commanding officer of each vessel carrying such passengers must upon arrival deliver lists thereof to the immigration officer. The listed occupations on the passenger lists give some indication of the wide range of skills that were on offer. Newspaper reports from the time state how those at the shelter went on to find jobs through the nearest Labour Exchanges (Job Centres), one of which was in Coldharbour Lane, Brixton. We place some essential cookies on your device to make this website work. The story of the Empire Windrush starts pre-war when, in 1936, Blohm and Voss shipbuilders of Hamburg built the ship. We can either copy our records onto paper or deliver them to you digitally, Visit us in Kew to see original documents or view online records for free, Consider paying for [48], The non-Caribbean people on the ship included serving RAF officer, Sierra Leonean John Henry Clavell Smythe, acting as a welfare-officer; he would go on to become Attorney General of Sierra Leone. [7], The ship quickly lost all electrical power as the four main electrical generators were located in the burning engine room; the backup generator was started, but problems with the main circuit breaker made its power unusable. It was conceived and curated by Dr John Price, Head of the Department of History, in collaboration with Will Cenci, Public Engagement Manager. [59], While the 1948 voyage of the Windrush is well-known, it was not the first ship to carry West Indian people to the United Kingdom after World War 2. The passengers disembarked a day later, on the 22nd June. [32], On 16 February 1945, Monte Rosa was damaged by a mine explosion near the Hel Peninsula in the Baltic, With a flooded engine room, the ship was towed to the German-occupied Polish port of Gdynia for temporary repairs. They have told of the varied emotions felt on board, including anticipation, optimism, hope and regret. Look at the Ships List website for information about passenger lists to Canada, USA, Australia and even some for South Africa, as well as immigration reports and newspaper records. Mr Denniston, who died in 2000 aged 86, went on to settle in Brixton, where he worked as a street trader. Our view, one that for obvious reasons we cannot prove, is that these men were among the many stowaways known to have been on the ship. [70], Empire Windrush set off from Yokohama, Japan, in February 1954 on what proved to be her final voyage. Having transported workers from Jamaica, Tobago, Trinidad, and other islands, the ship MV Empire Windrush travelled across seas to help fill the post-war UK labour shortages. She had a depth of 37ft 9in (11.51m). But she was constructed not in one of the shipyards that then lined the Clyde and the Tyne but in Hamburg, by the German firm Blohm & Voss. The attention given to passengers on the Windrush must have been both bewildering and reassuring. Windrush was one of around sixty empire ships that were named after British rivers. You need to sign in to tag. 09:00 to 17:00. But by providing modestly priced cruises, Hamburg Sd was able to profitably cater to a large new clientele. The UK government was forced to apologise and offered compensation for anyone who had "suffered loss". This information will help us make improvements to the website. What was life like on-board the Windrush? MORE TO EXPLORE. HMT Empire Windrush, originally MV Monte Rosa, was a passenger liner and cruise ship launched in Germany in 1930. Read tagging guidelines. As on the Windrush many were former service personnel who had served in the RAF during World War 2. The Empire Windrush arrived at Tilbury on 22 June 1948, carrying 493 passengers from Jamaica wishing to start a new life in the United Kingdom. The strike was mounted for the explicit purpose of sinking her after British reconnaissance had obtained details of the ship's movements. Sam King, who had served in England with the wartime RAF, was among them. Empire Windrush One misty morning in June 1948 a former German cruise boat, the Empire Windrush, steamed up the Thames to the Tilbury Dock, London, where she disembarked some 500 hopeful passengers from Kingston, Jamaica: 492 was the official figure, but there were several stowaways as well. Many untruths persist at various times it has been said that the passengers were all male, all Jamaican and all black. Many of the passengers on the MV Empire Windrush were former servicemen hoping to secure employment in the UK, or to re-enlist. [7], At around 6:15am on Sunday 28 March, there was a sudden explosion and fierce fire in the engine room that killed the third engineer, two other members of the engine-room crew and the first electrician; a fifth crew member in the engine room and one in the boiler room, both greasers, managed to escape. [81], Sidney Silverman, lawyer and Member of Parliament, represented the interests of the ship's crew, and during the proceedings tried to show that Windrush was in an unsafe state and was not fit to be at sea - one of the four men killed in the accident, Engineer Leslie Pendleton, had written several letters to his father describing the ship's poor state of repair, many breakdowns, and a previous fire. But, despite living and working in the UK for decades, it emerged last year that some of the families of these Windrush migrants have been threatened with deportation, denied access to NHS treatment, benefits and pensions and stripped of their jobs. Look at the Country of Last Permanent Residence column on the list. "But then some of us have ended staying for 50.". Among them were musicians and boxers, craftsmen and clerks, all . [7], As the ship was government property, she was not insured. Late in the evening on 21 June 1948 the MV Empire Windrush sailed up the River Thames and docked at the Port of Tilbury just to the east of London. [4], Windrush carried four oil-burning four-stroke single-acting MAN diesel engines with a combined output of 6,880 horsepower (5,130kW). [7] The enquiry also concluded that Windrush was seaworthy at the time she caught fire. Also among the Caribbean passengers was a hatter, a retired judge, a potter, a barrister, two hairdressers, two actresses, two piano repairers, two missionaries, three boxers, five artists and six painters. On 31 March 1947, the SS Ormonde docked at Liverpool after sailing from Jamaica with 241 passengers, including 11 stowaways. Participants took a blank landing card and inserted it into . Adur, Arun, Blackwater, Bure, Calder, Clyde, Colne, Crouch, Dart, Dee, Derwent, Don, Chelmer, Cherwell, Dovey, Evenlode, Exe, Fal, Frome, Hamble, Humber, Kennet, Lune, Nene, Nidd, Orwell, Ouse, Otter, Ribble, Roden, Roding, Rother, Severn, Soar, Spey, Stour, Swale, Taff, Tamar, Taw, Tern, Teviot, Thames, Torridge, Trent, Tweed, Tyne, Usk, Wandle, Wansbeck, Waveney, Weaver, Welland, Wensum, Wey, Wharfe, Windrush, Witham, Wye, Yare. It was always our intention to make the database available to anyone who wanted to use it but, recently, we discovered that we dont need to. [4], This proved to be a great success. [22], In September 1943, the Tirpitz was badly damaged by British X-class submarines at Altafjord in Norway, during Operation Source. Merchant ships in service with the United Kingdom Government during and after World War 2 had names prefixed with the word Empire. [4], During the 1920s, Hamburg Sd believed there would be a lucrative business in carrying German emigrants to South America (see German Argentine). Many of them had paid 28 (about 1,000 today) to travel to Britain in response to job adverts in local newspapers. This information will help us make improvements to the website. In June of that year the ship arrived at Tilbury near London . [61], In February 1950, the ship was used to transport the last British troops stationed in Greece back to the United Kingdom,[62] embarking the First Battalion of the Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment at Thessaloniki on 5 February, and further troops and their families at Piraeus. , this proved to be her final voyage the United Kingdom 50. `` modestly cruises! 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